Saro Passaro
Co-founder of Boltz and first author of the Boltz-2 preprint on structure and binding affinity prediction
Saro Passaro is the first author of "Boltz-2: Towards Accurate and Efficient Binding Affinity Prediction" (2025), which presents Boltz-2, a structural biology foundation model that predicts both biomolecular structures and binding affinity; the preprint lists Passaro with MIT CSAIL. Passaro is also a co-author of Boltz-1 (2024), the open model for biomolecular interaction modeling that preceded it, and co-founded Boltz, the public benefit corporation built on these open models, with Gabriele Corso and Jeremy Wohlwend.1245
Research
Passaro co-authored Boltz-1 (2024), an open model for biomolecular interaction modeling, with Jeremy Wohlwend, Gabriele Corso and co-authors including Tommi Jaakkola and Regina Barzilay. Passaro is first author of the Boltz-2 paper (2025), which describes a model that extends structure prediction to binding affinity, a property its abstract describes as critical to molecular function and therapeutic efficacy.21
The Boltz-2 preprint lists authors from MIT CSAIL, the MIT Jameel Clinic, Recursion and Valence Labs, and the Boltz repository publishes the code with citations for both Boltz-1 and Boltz-2.12
Boltz
When Boltz-1 was presented at MIT in December 2024, MIT described Passaro as an MIT Jameel Clinic research affiliate who developed the model with lead developers Jeremy Wohlwend and Gabriele Corso. Passaro, Corso and Wohlwend later co-founded Boltz to apply the open models to therapeutic design, and the three co-signed the January 2026 manifesto announcing Boltz as a public benefit corporation.345
Work
Boltz-2Open weights
First author of the Boltz-2 preprint, which the Boltz repository asks users to cite for the Boltz-2 model.12
Boltz-1 (external site: github.com)Open weights
Third author, after Jeremy Wohlwend and Gabriele Corso, of "Boltz-1: Democratizing Biomolecular Interaction Modeling" (2024).2
Career timeline
2024
Co-authored the Boltz-1 preprint on biomolecular interaction modeling.2
Dec 2024
Boltz-1, co-developed by Passaro as an MIT Jameel Clinic research affiliate, was presented at MIT.3
Jun 2025
Posted the Boltz-2 preprint on structure and binding affinity prediction as first author.12
Jan 2026
Co-signed, with Gabriele Corso and Jeremy Wohlwend, the manifesto announcing Boltz.5
Other documented roles
Roles the sources document but that are not confirmed as current.
- MIT Jameel Clinic research affiliate (2024); listed with MIT CSAIL on the Boltz-2 preprint (2025), Massachusetts Institute of Technology31
Related people
More sourced profiles at the same organization, in the same field, or from the same school.
- Gabriele CorsoAlso at Boltz
- Abdul Fatir AnsariAI for science
- Alex RivesAlso at MIT
- Jeremy WohlwendAlso at Boltz
- Abhimanyu DasAI for science
- Alexander AminiAlso at Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Bill DallyAlso at Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Aditya GroverAI for science
- Amnon ShashuaAlso from MIT
- David HarwathAlso at MIT CSAIL
- Alexandre GramfortAI for science
- Andrew NgAlso from MIT
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